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Hoisting System |
Scope of
drilling techniques are:
-Drilling
purpose
-type
Drilling
-How
Drilling
-Drilling
tool
-Program
Drilling
Interest
Drilling
As a way out
the entry of fluid (from the reservoir to the surface and from the surface to
the injection wells)
To
investigate the content of the underground:
-The
Contents of the content of the rock
- character
of rock
- structure
of Rock layers
-Age And
depositional history of rock.
Is one of
the important activities dlama Petroleum industry. Making a hole that connects
the hydrocarbon reservoir to the surface. In order to produce hydrocarbons from
the reservoir to the surface. The business of making the hole from the surface
to the depth of the target quickly, accurately and safely, both in terms of
operations and safety and the environment.
type
Drilling
Exploration
= dug the first well (wildcat) with the aim of proving the presence / absence
of fluid.
Appraisal =
evaluate and provide economic value / absence reservoir.
Exploitation
= drilling for further production
How Drilling
1.
Drill
mashed (cable tool / percussion drilling).
This drilling occurs due to the
action of an iron chisel blows (bits) that are raised and lowered by a steel
cable and banging basic lubang.Ini a long way. Only able to reach a depth of
5000 m
2.
Drill
Play (rotary drilling)
Drilling is due to the round chisel
/ bit. Bit tied up and play with a drill string comprising a drill pipe (drill
pipe), drill coller (joint connections), and the drill bit during drilling
progresses.
3.
Turbo Drill
The principle of equal drilling with rotary drill, only difference lies
in the power to
rotate the bit. Here round
bits obtained by terraced turbine at the bottom of the hole.
And power turbines in the can of
drilling fluid
4.
Hammer
Drilling
This
tool is a combination of Rotary with Percussion drilling methods.
Drill Mash (cable tool / percussion
drilling)
Drilling at the top of the third way is usually used with the help of
a RIG. Is the so-called RIG it? RIG is a series of special equipment used to
drill wells. The main characteristics RIG is their towers or often called MAST
made of steel used to raise lower tubular pipe or pipe driiling.
Drilling equipment
1. Drilling equipment and tools main
2. Lifting Equipment (Hoisting Equipment)
3. Hardware player (Rotary)
4. Equipment Circulation Circulation)
5. Other tools:
- Blow Out Preventer BOP
(blow-deterrent)
Drilling tools and main tools
1. Derrick (Drill tower) and susbtructe
2. Prime mover (engine driving power)
3. This series of drill pipe (drill pipe, drill collar, chisel)
Lifting Equipment (Hoisting Equipment)
- Hoist (draw work)
- Drilling line (steel cable)
- Crown block
- Traveling block
Rotary equipment:
Rotary table (turntable)
Kelly bushing
Cat head
equipment Circulation
Slurry pump
stand pipe
Mud hose
swivel
Mud pit
Shale screen
Mud Tank
Hoisting system
Providing facilities for lifting, and lowering held their drillstring,
casing string and
other subsurface equipment into or out of the wellbore.
consists of a derrick and substructure, block and tackl, drawwork.
Circulating system
Has the main function of cutting debris lifted from the bottom of the
hole to the surface.
The main Equipment: mud pumps, mud pits, mud mixing equipment, and
contaminant removal.
Rotating system
Is the equipment used to transmit rotary table rotation (rotary table)
to bits.
The main part of this system: swivel, kelly, rotary drives, rotary
tables, drillpipe, drill collar.
Power system
Has the function to provide the power to move the equipment used.
Most of the power available at the rig consumed by hoisting system and
circulating system.
Total power commonly needed in a rig 1000 - 3000 HP. Modern rig
driving source
usually derived from the internal combustion engine and is generally
grouped into diesel-electric
type and direct-drive type.
Blowout prevention system
Placed just above the surface of the wells to provide power to shut
down the well in case
bottomhole pressure rise sudden and dangerous for or are in opersai drilling.
The number, size and strength of BOP are used depending on the depth
of wells to be drilled and
The maximum anticipation of the reservoir pressure that will be
encountered. Generally there are two types of BOP,
namely annulat and ram type.
Annular BOP is designed to close around the wellbore with a variety of
sizes and shapes
equipment is being lowered into the borehole, so that it can close the
annular BOP annulus in
around drillpipe, drillcolar and casing, also can isolate wells in
openhole conditions.
While ram preventer can be divided into four types, namely pipe ram,
variable-bore ram (VBR), blind ram, and shear ram.
Drilling mud circulation system Pump --- mud hose swivel --- --- ---
dp dc kelly ---- --- ---- chisel annulus Equipment ---- ---- solid control tank
Solid Control Equipment: - shale shaker - deSander - desilter -
degasser
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